var. durum) population away from 136 recombinant inbred outlines (RILs) are sex within the soil significantly less than regulated criteria to spot the latest chromosome countries that will be involved in the command over the sources and you can shoot buildings.
2.step one. Genetic Product
New RIL population of 136 F6 lines which was included in the present data was made from a combination between your Italian durum grain curriculum vitae. “Simeto” (Capeiti/Valnova) and you will a beneficial cultivar away from T. dicoccum known as “Molise Colli” that has been chosen during the framework out of a community populace away from T. dicoccum (about Local Institution having Advancement and Invention from Farming from the fresh Molise Region (Agenzia Regionale each lo Sviluppo age l’Innovazione dell’Agricoltura della Regione Molise)).
dos.2. Plant Growth and you can Soil Sampling
The RIL population and the parents were grown in plastic cylinders containing a soil mixture (soil: sand, 50 : 50; v/v). Before the pot experiments, soil with a history of exposure to annual cereal species was collected (in ) from the experimental farming station of the Cereal Research Centre in Foggia (Italy; 41°28? N, 15°34? E; 76 m a.s.l.). The samples were collected from the upper 30 cm of the soil profile and air dried for 1 week. They were then thoroughly mixed, passed through a 2 mm sieve (to remove gravel fragments), cleaned of plant debris, and stored in a cold room (4°C) until further use. This soil was an unsterilized loam soil (USDA classification system) with the iamnaughty profile search following characteristics: 21% clay, 43% silt, 36% sand, pH 8 (in H2O), 15 mg/kg available phosphorous (Olsen method), 800 mg/kg exchangeable potassium (NH4Ac), and 21 g/kg organic matter (Walkey-Black method). Silica sand with a grain size that ranged from 0.4 mm to 0.1 mm was used. The soil mixture is hereinafter referred to as “soil.”
Before sowing the seeds, they were surface sterilized by soaking them in 2% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min and then rinsed several times with distilled water. The seeds were put into Petri dishes with one sheet of filter paper (Whatman number 1) that was moistened with 5 mL distilled water, and these were kept in a dark incubator at a constant temperature of 20°C for 48 h. Three germinated wheat seeds (roots, <1 cm) of each genotype were seeded into each of the plastic pots (diameter, 7 cm; height, 26 cm) that contained 1.3 kg soil, and then 40 kg/ha NH4NO3 (26% elemental nitrogen) was applied. The pots were lined with a filter paper (Whatman 3MM) to avoid soil loss. Immediately after sowing, 200 mL deionized water was added to each pot. To maintain the soil moisture, the seedlings were regularly watered at 3-day intervals to 70% of field capacity. The pots were placed in a growth chamber with a 16 h/8 h light/dark period at 20°C/16°C, with a light intensity of 1000 ?mol photons/m 2 /s photosynthetically active radiation at the leaf surface. The experiments were performed using a completely randomized design, with four replicates.
Immediately following emergence, the brand new seedlings have been thinned to a single plant for every pot. Such plants was in fact sex until these people were at the fifth leaf developmental stage (Zadoks gains scale fifteen; ). After they reached so it phase, the changing times immediately following planting, maximum capture lengths (cm), and level of propels had been submitted. This new plant life was basically accumulated by the draw them in the ground inside the fresh containers, challenging plant question by hand taken off the fresh new container therefore the propels and origins washed having deionized liquids. The latest root were kept at 4°C into the 75% ethanol, in preserving the new muscle until all of the analyses was actually over. Pursuing the data, brand new aerial parts of the new examples and the origins were range dried getting 72 h during the 70°C lastly considered, to get the capture deceased pounds (mg/plant) and you can means inactive lbs (mg/plant).
Нет Ответов